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INTRODUCTION
Dumka is one of the oldest districts of Jharkhand state under Santha Pargana. This homeland of tribal is full of stunning landscapes, majestic mountains, verdant valleys and serpentine rivers . Dumka District is at 86 16" North latitude and 87 15" East longitude. It is situated at the height of 472 ft from the sea level. It The District has an area of 3716.02 Sq.KM. and consists of only one sub division namely Dumka. Under Dumka sub division, there are 10 blocks namely Dumka, Gopikander, Jama, Jarmundi, Kathikund, Maslia, Ramgarh, Raneshwar, Shikaripara and Saraiyahat.Dumka has predominantly undulating terrain with hard rocks in the underground. Entire District has a topography with high ridges and valleys bounded by mountains and rivers. The fertility of soil is poor due to extensive erosion, acidic character and low retaining capacity.
GEOGRAPHY
Dumka is located at 24.27°N 87.25°E.[1] It has an average elevation of 137 metres (449 feet).
The Dumka district has an area of 3716.02 km2 and consists of only one sub division namely Dumka. Under the Dumka sub division, there are 10 blocks namely Dumka, Gopikander, Jama, Jarmundi, Kathikund, Maslia, Ramgarh, Raneshwar, Shikaripara and Saraiyahat.
Dumka has predominantly undulating terrain with hard rocks in the underground. The entire district has a topography with high ridges and valleys bounded by mountains and rivers. The fertility of soil is poor due to extensive erosion, acidic character and low retaining capacity.
CLIMATE
Dumka has a warm-temperate climate, with warm, humid summers and mild, damp winters.
DEMOGRAPHY
As of 2011 India census, Dumka had a population of 13,21,096. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Dumka has an average literacy rate of 62.54%, lower than the national average of 74.4%: male literacy is 75.17% and, female literacy is 49.60%. In Dumka, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age.but after 5 years its literacy rate is increase and now it became 82%,also literacy rate of female is grown and reached up to 79%.
CULTURE
PLACES TO SEE
Baba Basukinath Dham
at Jarmundi Block on Dumka Deoghar State Highway at a distance of 24 km from the Distrcit Headquarters Dumka. In a year lacs and lacs people from different parts of country come here to worship Lord Shiva. In the month of Shravan people of several country also come here to worship Lord Shiva.
Malooti
Mallooti is a historical and religious place which is situated in Shikaripara Block on Dumka Rampurhat interstate highway at a distance of 55 km from Dumka District Headquarters. In 1860 Mallooti was made taxfree capital by the then King Basant Rai alias Basant.
Baba Sumeshwar Nath
It is a religious place which is situated in Saraiyahat Block at the distance of 60 km from district headquarters Dumka. There is a big temple of the Lord Shiva. On the eve of Mahashivaratri the people of different parts of the district come here to worship Lord Shiva in addition to daily worshiping.
Masanjore Dam
Masanjore is a famous picnic spot situated in Dumka District of Jharkhand. This small village is about 31 km south of Dumka. The picturesque Masanjore dam on the Mayurakshi River is a major draw.Masanjor dam or the Pearson dam on river Mayurakshi is a picturesque place on foot hills of long range of forest clad parallel hill ranges. This place is basically a hydro electric power generating center but in the process of time it has become popular center for the tourist. With the beautiful garden on the down hill and two beautiful Dak-bunglows on the bank of the river at charm to its beauty.
Tatloi
It is a hot water Spring, situated at a distance of 15 km from the district headquarters of Dumka. It is rounded by small mounts, beautiful, attractive and greenish natural atmosphere. The water of spring is very clear and healthy.
Kumrabad
This is a very beautiful picnic spot. Just 13 km from the Dumka town, you find a rare view of natural beauty with small hills,beside that smooth flowing Mayurakshi River.
Kurwa (Shrishti)
It is a small picnic spot about 5 km to the south of Dumka. It has a beautiful park, facilities for boating and a small hill.
Hill Range
Running south from pakur to godda. The hill range of Dumka seen parallel and terminate in th Mangalbhanga hill. To the south east of Dumka is Ramgarh hills further west two parallel renges of hills also stretch in an easterly direction from Masanjor to Ranibhal. Beside hill ranges some hillocks are also in like (i) Lagwa hil at Nonihat under which lies the Tatloi hot water stream (ii) Hijla hill top. (iii) Sapchala hill top. (iv) Chuto pahadi. Maluti (Temple village on way to Rampurhat).
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